Nitrofurantoin treats urinary tract infections (UTIs). It works by preventing bacteria from multiplying.
Dosage and Administration
Your doctor determines your specific dosage, usually 100mg or 100mg extended release, four times daily for 7-10 days. Always follow their instructions precisely. Take with food to minimize stomach upset.
Potential Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Headache
Less common, but serious side effects include pulmonary reactions (lung problems), such as cough, shortness of breath, and fever. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any of these.
Precautions
Nitrofurantoin isn’t suitable for everyone. Inform your doctor about any existing medical conditions, particularly kidney or liver problems, or allergies to nitrofurantoin or similar medications. Pregnancy and breastfeeding are also important factors to discuss.
Drug Interactions
Certain medications can interact with nitrofurantoin. Provide your doctor with a complete list of all medications, vitamins, and supplements you’re taking. This allows them to assess for potential interactions and adjust your treatment plan accordingly.
Monitoring Treatment
Regular check-ups with your doctor allow for monitoring your response to treatment. They’ll likely review your symptoms and consider whether alternative treatment might be necessary. This ensures the most effective UTI management.
When to Seek Medical Attention
- Symptoms worsen or don’t improve after a few days of treatment.
- You experience new or unusual symptoms.
- You develop a fever.
Alternatives
If nitrofurantoin isn’t suitable or effective, other antibiotics may be considered. Your doctor will guide you toward the most appropriate alternative based on your individual needs and the specific type of bacteria causing your UTI. Always discuss all options before making any treatment decisions.
Potential Side Effects and Drug Interactions
Nitrofurantoin can cause side effects, ranging from mild to severe. Common reactions include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Less frequent but more serious effects might involve lung problems, particularly in individuals with pre-existing lung conditions. Always report any unusual symptoms to your doctor immediately.
Gastrointestinal Issues
Gastrointestinal upset is a frequent occurrence. Consider taking Nitrofurantoin with food to minimize nausea. If persistent vomiting or diarrhea develops, consult your physician.
Drug Interactions
Nitrofurantoin interacts with several medications. Concurrent use with antacids containing magnesium or aluminum hydroxide can reduce Nitrofurantoin’s absorption. Similarly, probenecid can increase Nitrofurantoin levels in the body. Always inform your doctor about all medications, supplements, and herbal remedies you are taking to avoid potentially harmful interactions. This includes over-the-counter drugs.
Allergic Reactions
Although rare, allergic reactions, including severe ones like anaphylaxis, can occur. Watch for symptoms such as skin rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience an allergic reaction.
Liver and Kidney Effects
Nitrofurantoin can, in some cases, affect liver and kidney function. Regular blood tests might be necessary to monitor these organs, especially for those with pre-existing conditions or prolonged Nitrofurantoin use. Your doctor will advise on appropriate monitoring.
